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الأحد، 26 مارس 2017
Beautiful and interesting article, enjoy it
ISLAM and Science مع Shehwaaz Raza Khan و7 آخرين.
Beautiful and interesting article, enjoy it
Brought forth Iron into the earth
"..And We brought forth iron wherein is mighty power (in matters of war), as well as many benefits for mankind…"
(Surat Al-Hadid (The Iron): 25)
By: Dr. / Zaghloul El-Naggar
The Glorious Qur'an contains a distinct "Surah" (Chapter) entitled "Al-Hadid" (The Iron) which emphasizes in one of its verses (Verse 25) the following two facts:
1- That iron was sent down to Earth i.e. it is of a celestial (extra-terrestrial) origin.
2- That iron is mighty strong and has many benefits for mankind.
This Qur'anic verse reads:
"..And We brought forth iron wherein is mighty power (in matters of war), as well as many benefits for mankind…"
(Surat Al-Hadid (The Iron): 25)
The Glorious Qur'an contains a distinct "Surah" (Chapter) entitled "Al-Hadid" (The Iron) which emphasizes in one of its verses (Verse 25) the following two facts:
1- That iron was sent down to Earth i.e. it is of a celestial (extra-terrestrial) origin.
2- That iron is mighty strong and has many benefits for mankind.
This Qur'anic verse reads:
"..And We brought forth iron wherein is mighty power (in matters of war), as well as many benefits for mankind…"
(Surat Al-Hadid (The Iron): 25)
We now know that iron is the most abundant element in the total composition of the Earth (>35% of its total mass) and the fourth abundant element in its crust (5.6%). This observation has led to the logical conclusion that the majority of the Earth's iron must be hidden bellow its crust (i.e. within both its cores and mantles). If this is the case, how could this element be send down to Earth as stated in the above mentioned Qur'anic verse? And how could it have penetrated from the outer crust of the Earth to its inner zones of mantle and core?
To answer these questions, the Earth must be treated as part of the total cosmos from which it was separated, not merely as an isolated entity. In this context, recent cosmological discoveries have proved that:
1- Hydrogen (the simplest and the lightest known element) is by far the most abundant element in the observed universe (constituting about 74%).
2- This predominant, universal hydrogen is followed in abundance by helium (the second in the periodic table of elements) which is less abundant than hydrogen (constituting about 24%).
3- These two, simple nuclei of hydrogen and helium constitute together the greatest percentage of the observed universe (> 98%), while heavier elements are only represented by traces that do not exceed 1-2% of its total mass, and are only locally concentrated in certain heavenly bodies.
These fundamental discoveries have led to the important conclusion that hydrogen nuclei are the basic building blocks from which all the other were and are currently being created by the process of the nuclear fusion. This process (of the nucleosynthesis of elements by nuclear fusion) is self- sustaining, generally highly exothermic (i.e. releases excessively large quantities of energy) and is the source of the very hot and glowing nature of all stars. However, when the process reaches the level of producing iron, it becomes endothermic (i.e. energy consuming) and hence, the star either explodes or condenses on itself and fades out gradually to complete dimming and absolute darkness (a stage generally known as the Black Hole).
Nuclear Fusion within our sun mainly produces helium, with a very limited number of slightly heavier elements. The percentage of iron in the sun is estimated to be in the order of 0.0037%. Knowing that the Earth as well as all other planets and satellites in our solar system were actually separated from the sun, which does not generate iron, another question was raised:
Where had the immense quantity of iron in our Earth come from?
Our sun is a modest star, with a surface temperature of about 6,000 oC, and an inner core temperature of about 15,000,000 oC. Such figures are far below the calculated temperatures for the production of iron by the process of nuclear fusion (which exceeds 5 X 109 K). Consequently, other sources much hotter than the sun were sought for as possible sites for the generation of iron in the observed universe. One of the suggested sources of excessive heat was the "Big Bang" explosion of the initial singularity from which our universe was created. However all speculations about this event suggest that shortly after the "Big Bang" matter was in such an elementary stage that only hydrogen and helium (with possible traces of lithium) could have been generated. Again, if any traces of iron were produced at that stage, iron would have been more evenly distributed in the observed universe, which is not the case.
One second after the "Big Bang", the temperature of the early universe is calculated to have been in the range of ten billion degrees Celsius. At this stage, the early universe is visualized to have been in the form of a steadily expanding, huge cloud of smoke, mainly composed of elementary forms of both matter and energy such as neutrons, protons, electrons, photons, neutrinos and their counter particles (or anti-particles). Radiations in the form of photons from this very hot early stage of the universe had been predicted by Gamow and others (1948) to be still in existence around the observed universe, coming from all directions with equal intensity. This prediction was later proved to be true by both Penzias and Wilson (1965) through their discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation coming from all directions in the observed universe with equal intensity, together with a remnant temperature reduced to only a few degrees above the absolute zero (-2730C).
During the first three minutes of the history of our universe, the neutrons are believed to have either decayed into protons and electrons, or combined with other neutrons to produce deuterium (or heavy hydrogen), which could combine to form helium. In its turn, helium nuclei could partly fuse to produce traces of lithium (the third element in the periodic table), but nothing heavier than this element is believed to have been generated as a result of the "Big Bang" explosion. Consequently, all of the universal hydrogen and most of the helium are believed to have been created immediately after the "Big Bang", while the rest of the universal helium is believed to have been steadily generated from the burning of hydrogen in the interiors of "Main-Sequence Stars" like our Sun. After the "Big Bang" explosion gravitation is believed to have pulled together clouds of smoke to form giant clusters of matter. Continued contraction of these eventually increased their temperature due to the interaction of colliding particles and the pressures created by the large gravitational attraction. As the temperature approached 15 million degrees Celsius, the electrons in the formed atoms were ripped off to create a plasma state. Continued contraction proceeded until the particles in the plasma moved with such high velocities that they began to fuse hydrogen into helium, producing stars with enough energy to generate an outward push (pressure) that reached equilibrium with the inward pull of gravity.
Most recently, elements heavier than lithium have been proved to be currently synthesized by the process of nuclear fusion in the cores of massive stars (at least ten times the mass of our sun) during their late stages of development. Such massive stars are seen burning helium to carbon, oxygen, silicon, sulphur and finally into iron when elements of the iron group are produced, the process of nuclear fusion cannot proceed any further. Elements heavier than iron (and its group of elements) are believed to have been created in the outer envelopes of super giant stars or during the explosion of nova in the form of supernova through the process of capturing elementary particles by the chattered iron cores of the exploding stars.
Consequently, it has been proved that stars are cosmic reactors in which most of the known elements are created from hydrogen and/or helium by the process of nuclear fusion. At the same time the staggering energy of stars comes from this process of intra-stellar nucleosynthesis of elements, which involves the combining of light elements into heavier ones by nuclear fusion (nuclear burning). This process requires a high speed collision which can only be achieved at very high temperatures. The minimum temperature required for the fusion of hydrogen into helium is calculated to be in the range of 5,000,000 oC. With the increase in the atomic weight of the element produced by nuclear fusion, this temperature increases steadily to several billions of the degrees. For example, the nuclear fusion of hydrogen into carbon requires a temperature of about one billion degrees Celsius.
Burning (fusing) hydrogen into helium occurs during most of the stars' lifetime. After the hydrogen in the star's core is exhausted (i.e. fused to helium), the star either changes into a" Red Giant" then into a "Dwarf" or changes into a "Red super giant", then into a "Nova", when it starts to burn helium, fusing it into progressively heavier elements (depending on its initial mass) until the iron group is reached. Up to this point, the process of nucleosynthesis of elements is highly exothermic (i.e. releases excessive quantities of energy), but the formation of the iron group elements is highly endothermic (i.e. requires the input of excessive quantities of energy). The explosions of "Nova" in the form of "Supernova" result from the exhaustion of the fuel supplies in the cores of such massive stars and the burning of all elements there into the iron group. Heavier nuclei are thought to be formed during the explosions of the supernova.
The nucleosynthesis of the iron group of elements in the inner cores of massive stars such as the "Nova" is the final stage of the process of nuclear fusion. Once this stage is reached, the "Nova" explodes in the form of a "Supernova", shattering its iron core to pieces that fly into the universal space, providing other celestial bodies with their requisite iron. With this analysis the celestial (extra-terrestrial) origin of iron in both our Earth and the rest of the solar system is confirmed.
NUCEOSYNTHESIS OF ELEMENTS AND THE EVLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT OF STARS AS A SUPPORTING EVIDENCE FOR THE EXTRA-TERRESTRIAL ORIGIN OF IRON:
The nucleosynthesis of elements takes place in the inner cores of stars according to their initial masses as well as to how much mass they lose along the way of their development. This has been proved by following the thermonuclear reactions in the cores of the "Main Sequence-Stars" as follows:
A "Main Sequence Star" with an initial mass close to that of our sun stars with the fusion of its hydrogen nuclei to produce helium. Then the gradual increase in the amount of the produced helium nuclei pushes the remaining, non-fused hydrogen nuclei outwardly in the form of a burning hydrogen front around a helium core. In this core, gravity dominates over the outward pressure, leading to the further contraction of the helium nuclei and the further expansion of the outward, burning hydrogen front, and hence this "Main Sequence Star" changes into what is known as a "Red Giant". Further contraction of the "Red Giant's" helium core and expansion of its outer burning front, will cause a mild core collapse and eventually will lead to the depletion of its mass to about 20% of the original mass, changing into what is known as a "White Dwarf" (the size of the Earth but the mass of the sun). With subsequent slow gravitational contraction, shrinking, cooling and dimming, the "White Dwarf" changes into what is described as a "Brown Dwarf" or a "Black Dwarf". This process of core collapse, gradual shrinking, cooling and darkening is the natural result of a winning inward pull of gravity over a decreasing outward push fusion process due to the consumption of its hydrogen fuel.
Similar to the light stars, massive "Main Sequence stars" (ten or more times the mass of our sun) also pass by the "Red Giant" phase, where they are described as "Red Super giants", but they have a quite different evolutionary path. Shrinking of the helium core of a "Red super giant" creates greater forces that restart its nuclear fusion, with a much larger gravitational pull to the center of the core (due to its greater mass) and much more active internal collisions. The combined effect of 0contraction and collision results in tremendously high temperatures capable of the gradual generation of progressively heavier atomic nuclei such as carbon, oxygen, silicon and iron through the process of nuclear fusion. A nature massive star will have an iron core surrounded outwardly by shells of silicon, oxygen, carbon, helium and hydrogen. When the "Red Super giant's" core is changed into carbon, excessive quantities of energy are released, and these lead to the outward push of a second burning front of helium towards the first and enveloping hydrogen front.
With the following contraction of the carbon core, its temperature rises excessively to allow the fusion the carbon nuclei into a chain process that passes by magnesium, followed by aluminum, then silicon.
The silicon core changes gradually heavier nuclei during similar episodes of contraction of the core and expansion of the surrounding fronts, releasing more energy and changing the "Red Super giant" into a "Nova", where iron starts to form. The generation of iron in the core of "Nova" starts to consume its energy, because the fusion of silicon into iron is highly endothermic (i.e. consumes excessive quantities of energy). As the core of the "Nova" changes into iron, it explodes in a form of "Supernova", ejecting its gaseous envelopes and shattering its core to pieces that fly out into space to reach other celestial bodies that need iron. During its space journey, iron may fuse with one or more of the elementary particles that fill the universe to form heavier nuclei.
When the core of the "Red Super giant" becomes eventually changed into iron the process of nuclear fusion will cease to function since the nuclear structure of iron does not allow its fusion to heavier elements as this fusion requires the input of excessive quantities of energy. With the cessation of the process of nuclear fusion, the outward pressure of the "Red Super giant" will vanish, and it will immediately go through a process of rapid gravitational collapse (in less than a second) which will lead to the rising of its temperature to 100 billion degrees Celsius and hence described as a "Nova". Since the nucleons (Protons and neutrons) present in this collapsing star are being forced very close together, they create a tremendous repulsion of the positively charged nuclei from one another. This repulsion causes the star's core to recoil into an unimaginable and immeasurable explosion which is known as a "Supernova". Fragments released from this explosion fly out into space to eventually form new stars, planets and other celestial bodies. The nuclei of isotopes with masses heavier than iron are believed to be produced and distributed throughout the universe by such explosions, which put the processed stellar materials back into the interstellar medium for the next generation of stars to use. In a supernova explosion, neutrons bombard nuclei and build up very heavy elements such as gold, uranium, etc.
Some of the remaining cores of the very largest types of the "Red Super giants" can form "Neutron Stars" if the intense pressure from the gravitational attraction can result in a fast core collapse that forces electrons to combine with or be assimilated into nearby protons, forming neutrons. Such "Neutron Stars" can either be non-pulsating or pulsating (Pulsars).
Another possibility for the heaviest cores of exploding supernova is their very fast core collapse with so much gravitational attraction and escape velocity that even light cannot be liberated from their immeasurable gravitational pulls, hence these disappear as "Black Holes" are produced when the mass of the core of the "Red Super giant" is greater than 4 times the mass of the sun. In this case, even nuclear "Pressure" cannot halt the collapse of the core, and gravity ends it into a Black Hole.
An ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer) spacecraft was launched in August, 1997 to detect many of the heavier isotopes which have been originated and are currently generated during the formation, evolution and subsequent explosion of stars. The comparative number of different isotopes found in any galaxy is believed to be related to the life cycle of the massive stars in that galaxy. The chemical composition of our Earth and of the rest of our solar system, of the whole galaxy, and indeed of the observed universe at large, has been changing and rearranging throughout the past ten billion years or so, since the creation of the universe.
These very recent discoveries have led to the logical conclusion that on separation from the sun, the primitive Earth was no more than a heap of ash, containing nothing heavier than the elements aluminum and silicon. Then this heap of ash was bombarded by a great shower of iron meteorites. This bombardment caused the heap of ash to heat up rapidly by the heat of settlement of the impacting bodies and their trapping energy, by gravity compression and by the excessive heat emanation from the decaying of their accompanying radioactive elements.
As the temperature of the primitive Earth exceeded the melting point of iron (2000oC), this and other heavy elements such as nickel started to melt, developing mega drops that penetrated the heap of ash, reaching its center to form its mainly iron-nickel core. This process has changed the primitive Earth from a more or less homogeneous heap of ash to a distinctly zoned body of seven Earths established on the basis of seismological data as follows:
(1) An inner solid core with great density (10-13.5 gm/cm3) and a radius of 1170km, being mainly composed of iron (90%) and nickel (9%), with minor quantities of lighter elements such as sulphur, silicon or phosphorus (1%).
(2) An outer molten core of a similar composition, with a thickness of 2300 km (from the depth of 2900km to the depth of 5200km). Both the inner and outer cores of the Earth constitute about 31% of its total mass.
(3-6) Four layers of mantle, separating the Earth's core from its crust (from an average depth of about 20km to a depth of 2900km) and constituting about 68% of the total mass of the Earth. These mantle layers are in the form four shells about 2880km thick, extending from the base of the Earth's crust (the Mohorovivic Discontinuity or the Moho) to the upper limit of the molten outer core. These shells are composed of hot, solid rocks, which under excessive pressures exhibit the ability to flow, particularly so in the upper mantle which is a semi-molten, viscous state, hence the name "Zone of Weakness" (or Asthenosphere). This Asthenosphere is directly below the sub crust. Both the crust and the sub crust are solid and are collectively included under the name: outer rocky layer of the Earth (or lithosphere).
(7) The Earth's crust constituting about 1% of its total mass with an average thickness of 20km (about 5km for the oceanic crust and 35km for the continental crust, which greatly thickens under high mountains), being mainly composed of light silicates with relatively low melting points.
This differentiation of the Earth's material represents one of the most significant events in the history of our planet, without which it could have never been inhabitable. It led to the formation of its distinctive zones, with an outer rocky cover (lithosphere), the eventual rifling of the lithosphere and the onset of the dynamism of the Earth in the form of plate tectonics and the mountains' building movements. With the onset of the Earth's dynamism, continents were formed, both the atmosphere and the hydrosphere of the Earth were out gassed from within its interior and lithospheric plates were progressively stabilized by the building of mountains.
The above-mentioned discussion proves beyond doubt the celestial (extra-terrestrial and extra-solar) origin of iron in our solar system. This fact is further substantiated by the calculated energy for the production of one single atom of iron (by the process of nucleosynthesis) which is about four times the total energy of the entire solar system.
In view of the fact that such knowledge is only a few decades old, and that the Glorious Qur'an was revealed more than fourteen centuries ago, the precedence of this Noble Book with the explicit assertion that iron was physically sent down to Earth is one of the multifarious miraculous aspects of this Holy Book and a living testimony for both its Divine purity and the authentic messengerhood of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) who had received such Divine revelation.
The Qur'anic account of the celestial origin of iron is coupled by another miraculous aspect which is represented by the fact that the number of both the Qur'anic chapter on iron and of the verse that mentions this element in the same chapter precisely correspond to both the atomic weight (55.847 or roughly 56) and the atomic number (26) of iron, respectively.
Indeed the number of Surat Al-Hadid (the Qur'anic Chapter on Iron) is "57" and the number of the verse is "25", but the Qur'an in its text
"..And We brought forth iron wherein is mighty power (in matters of war), as well as many benefits for mankind…"
(Surat Al-Hadid (The Iron): 25)
Separates its introduction (Surat Al-Fatihah or the Opening) from the rest of the Book, and considers the "Basmalah" (In the Name of Allah, The Most Gracious, The Most Merciful) as a Qur'anic verse at the beginning of this Surah (Al-Fatihah) and of every other Qur'anic Surah where it is mentioned. Taking this Qur'anic direction into consideration, the number of Surat Al-Hadid becomes "56" which is the closest figure to the atomic weight of the most abundant iron isotope (55.847), and the number of the verse becomes "26" which is the exact atomic number of iron. The existence of an iron isotope with the atomic weight of 57 also fits very well with the current numbering of the chapter on iron in the Glorious Qur'an. The iron (57) isotope is a direct product of the process of radioactive decay of cobalt (57), while the iron (56) isotope can be a direct product of the radioactive decay of the cobalt (56) isotope.
As to the mighty strength of iron which the Qur'anic verse describes, we understand this now by the fact that iron is the most stable element. It has the highest binding energy per nucleon, hence is the most stable of all nuclei. Because iron has the most strongly bound nucleus it has the highest magnetic properties among all known elements. Iron is resistant to atmosphere corrosion, its melting point is (K) 2000o, and its boiling point is (K) 3023o and it has a density of 7874 kg /m3 at 293oK. We need excessive quantities of energy to fuse silicon nuclei into iron or to either split up the iron nucleus or to add to it. For elements lighter than iron, nuclear fusion releases energy, but for both iron and elements heavier than iron only fission can release energy. Enough to mention that the process of nuclear fusion in the cores of massive stars ends at the production of iron, so that astronomers of today claim that the universe is slowly turning to iron. Such unique qualities of iron are reflected in numerous other physical and chemical characteristics that are beyond the scope of this paper.
As to its many benefits to mankind, iron has a vital role in making the Earth inhabitable. It was the drawing down by gravity of iron to the center of the primeval earth that generated the heat which caused the initial chemical differentiation of the Earth, the out gassing of the early atmosphere, and the ultimate formation of the hydrosphere. Acting like a gigantic dynamo, the Earth's solid iron core, surrounded by its molten outer core generates the Earth's magnetic field. It is due to this magnetic field that the Earth is protected from many destructive agents such as the high – energy – penetrating cosmic radiation. The great mass of iron in both the core and the mantle of the Earth contributes enormously to its stability as a planet, revolving (spinning) around its own axis and running (swimming) in its own orbit. It also contributes to the generation of the gravitational force of our planet (g). The constant value of this force is essential for holding the Earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, and maintaining for the Earth an optimum distance from the sun. This is essential for life in general, and for many geological processes to take place such as the water-oxygen- and carbon dioxide-cycles.
Iron is also an important constituent of both human and many animals' blood, of all living tissues of plants, animals and human beings. In all green plants, iron is an important constituent of the chloroplasts which carry out the function of chlorophyll production although in the chlorophyll molecule (which has the same structure of the hemoglobin molecule) a magnesium atom takes the central position of the iron atom. Besides being a vital process for the life of plants, of both herbivorous and omnivorous animals as well as of all human beings, this process is the only means of storing the solar energy in the form of chemical bonds that link chemical compounds together in all forms of living tissues. These chemical bonds are the original sources of all forms of energy in living beings as well as in many recent and fossil forms of fuels. The intimate relationship between life and iron indicates both the relevance of elements to biology and the biocentricity of the cosmos.
Iron is a highly malleable, tough, silver gray and magnetic metal. It is the second most abundant metal and the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It has very many uses such as the production of structural steels, alloys, magnets, dyes, pigments, inks, blueprint papers, abrasives and hemoglobin, to mention only a few. Consequently, iron is the backbone of most military and civil industries, hence of many benefits to mankind
"..And We brought forth iron wherein is mighty power (in matters of war), as well as many benefits for mankind…"
(Surat Al-Hadid (The Iron): 25)
Separates its introduction (Surat Al-Fatihah or the Opening) from the rest of the Book, and considers the "Basmalah" (In the Name of Allah, The Most Gracious, The Most Merciful) as a Qur'anic verse at the beginning of this Surah (Al-Fatihah) and of every other Qur'anic Surah where it is mentioned. Taking this Qur'anic direction into consideration, the number of Surat Al-Hadid becomes "56" which is the closest figure to the atomic weight of the most abundant iron isotope (55.847), and the number of the verse becomes "26" which is the exact atomic number of iron. The existence of an iron isotope with the atomic weight of 57 also fits very well with the current numbering of the chapter on iron in the Glorious Qur'an. The iron (57) isotope is a direct product of the process of radioactive decay of cobalt (57), while the iron (56) isotope can be a direct product of the radioactive decay of the cobalt (56) isotope.
As to the mighty strength of iron which the Qur'anic verse describes, we understand this now by the fact that iron is the most stable element. It has the highest binding energy per nucleon, hence is the most stable of all nuclei. Because iron has the most strongly bound nucleus it has the highest magnetic properties among all known elements. Iron is resistant to atmosphere corrosion, its melting point is (K) 2000o, and its boiling point is (K) 3023o and it has a density of 7874 kg /m3 at 293oK. We need excessive quantities of energy to fuse silicon nuclei into iron or to either split up the iron nucleus or to add to it. For elements lighter than iron, nuclear fusion releases energy, but for both iron and elements heavier than iron only fission can release energy. Enough to mention that the process of nuclear fusion in the cores of massive stars ends at the production of iron, so that astronomers of today claim that the universe is slowly turning to iron. Such unique qualities of iron are reflected in numerous other physical and chemical characteristics that are beyond the scope of this paper.
As to its many benefits to mankind, iron has a vital role in making the Earth inhabitable. It was the drawing down by gravity of iron to the center of the primeval earth that generated the heat which caused the initial chemical differentiation of the Earth, the out gassing of the early atmosphere, and the ultimate formation of the hydrosphere. Acting like a gigantic dynamo, the Earth's solid iron core, surrounded by its molten outer core generates the Earth's magnetic field. It is due to this magnetic field that the Earth is protected from many destructive agents such as the high – energy – penetrating cosmic radiation. The great mass of iron in both the core and the mantle of the Earth contributes enormously to its stability as a planet, revolving (spinning) around its own axis and running (swimming) in its own orbit. It also contributes to the generation of the gravitational force of our planet (g). The constant value of this force is essential for holding the Earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere, and maintaining for the Earth an optimum distance from the sun. This is essential for life in general, and for many geological processes to take place such as the water-oxygen- and carbon dioxide-cycles.
Iron is also an important constituent of both human and many animals' blood, of all living tissues of plants, animals and human beings. In all green plants, iron is an important constituent of the chloroplasts which carry out the function of chlorophyll production although in the chlorophyll molecule (which has the same structure of the hemoglobin molecule) a magnesium atom takes the central position of the iron atom. Besides being a vital process for the life of plants, of both herbivorous and omnivorous animals as well as of all human beings, this process is the only means of storing the solar energy in the form of chemical bonds that link chemical compounds together in all forms of living tissues. These chemical bonds are the original sources of all forms of energy in living beings as well as in many recent and fossil forms of fuels. The intimate relationship between life and iron indicates both the relevance of elements to biology and the biocentricity of the cosmos.
Iron is a highly malleable, tough, silver gray and magnetic metal. It is the second most abundant metal and the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It has very many uses such as the production of structural steels, alloys, magnets, dyes, pigments, inks, blueprint papers, abrasives and hemoglobin, to mention only a few. Consequently, iron is the backbone of most military and civil industries, hence of many benefits to mankind
know we all the creature in the world exist and born by the al mighty Allaha!
Peace-Islam: A Solution For Humanity
aslamo alekum wa rahmatullaha he barkatahu' dear brother i have a question to ask you!
As we all know we all the creature in the world exist and born by the al mighty Allaha! A new baby birth is with the grace of allaha. We all agree with that. Here my qestion is a baby is born in all the religion, with the permission of allaha. Here i want to ask whats the mistake of the child if the baby is born in a non muslim family. All the chidren are given education about their religon and they learn and follow as he grew up. So whats the point plz explain
As we all know we all the creature in the world exist and born by the al mighty Allaha! A new baby birth is with the grace of allaha. We all agree with that. Here my qestion is a baby is born in all the religion, with the permission of allaha. Here i want to ask whats the mistake of the child if the baby is born in a non muslim family. All the chidren are given education about their religon and they learn and follow as he grew up. So whats the point plz explain
Praise be to Allaah.
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“So set you (O Muhammad) your face towards the religion (of pure Islamic Monotheism) Haneef (worship none but Allaah Alone). Allaah’s Fitrah (i.e. Allaah’s Islamic Monotheism) with which He has created mankind. No change let there be in Khalq‑illaah (i.e. the religion of Allaah Islamic Monotheism), that is the straight religion, but most of men know not” [al-Room 30:30]
It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Every child is born in a state of fitrah (the natural state of man, i.e., Islam), then his parents make him into a Jew or a Christian or a Magian.” (Agreed upon).
The correct view is that what is meant by fitrah is the religion of Islam, as stated in the hadeeth narrated by Muslim from the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), who said: “Allaah said: ‘I created My slaves as haneefs (believers in pure monotheism), then the Shaytaan misled them from their religion; he forbade them what I had permitted to them and commanded them to associate others with Me for which I had not sent down any authority.’” What it means when it is said that a child is born as a Muslim is that he is born inherently ready, when he reaches the age of discretion, if he is given the choice between Islam and its opposite, to prefer Islam over its opposite and to choose Islam as his religion, so long as there is nothing to prevent him from doing so, such as his whims and desires or tribalism. Following his desires makes him prefer falsehood so that he may attain some share of leadership or wealth, and tribalism or racial pride makes him follow his forefathers or elders, even if they are not following true guidance. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Nay! They say: ‘We found our fathers following a certain way and religion, and we guide ourselves by their footsteps’” [al-Zukhruf 43:23]
And Allaah tells us what the followers among the people of Hell will say (interpretation of the meaning):
“And they will say: ‘Our Lord! Verily, we obeyed our chiefs and our great ones, and they misled us from the (Right) Way’” [al-Ahzaab 33:67]
If every child is born in a state of fitrah, then obviously there will be some who will be influenced in ways that are in accordance with that fitrah and will strengthen it, such as those who are born to Muslim parents and grow up in a Muslim society. And there will be some whose fitrah is changed, such as those who are born to kaafir parents and group up among the kuffaar, be they Jews, Christians, Magians or mushrikeen. Undoubtedly the one who is born in Islam has means of guidance and happiness which are not available to others who are born and grow up in kaafir societies. Being given easy access to the means of faith and guidance is a blessing from Allaah which He gives to whomsoever He wills. It should also be noted that the person whose fitrah has been changed from Islam will not be punished for the sins of another; rather he will be punished if the call of the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) reaches him and he does not accept it out of stubbornness, arrogance or tribalistic pride in the religion of his forefathers and countrymen, because proof is established against him when the call of the Messenger reaches him, and in such a case, if he persists in his kufr then he deserves to be punished. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And We never punish until We have sent a Messenger (to give warning)” [al-Israa’ 17:15]
There are so many different human religions, and guidance to Islam happens when a person chooses to be guided, because Allaah has given man the ability to distinguish between truth and falsehood, between what is beneficial and what is harmful, by means of the reason that He has instilled in him, and the explanations with which He has sent His Messengers. At the same time, the will of the person is subject to the will of Allaah, for He is the One Who sends astray whomsoever He wills by His justice and wisdom, and He guides whomsoever He will by His grace and wisdom.
There are so many different human religions, and guidance to Islam happens when a person chooses to be guided, because Allaah has given man the ability to distinguish between truth and falsehood, between what is beneficial and what is harmful, by means of the reason that He has instilled in him, and the explanations with which He has sent His Messengers. At the same time, the will of the person is subject to the will of Allaah, for He is the One Who sends astray whomsoever He wills by His justice and wisdom, and He guides whomsoever He will by His grace and wisdom.
Allaah says :
“Verily, this (the Qur’aan) is no less than a Reminder to (all) the ‘Aalameen (mankind and jinn)
To whomsoever among you who wills to walk straight.
And you cannot will unless (it be) that Allaah wills the Lord of the ‘Aalameen (mankind, jinn and all that exists)”[al-Takweer 81:27-29]
Allah knows the best.
This is "Life" for YOU!
Sheikh Khalid Yasin مع Sani Abdullahi و8 آخرين.
This is "Life" for YOU!
But you will only take one thing with you and that is your "DEEDS"
May Allah Guide Us.
Barrier Between Two Seas
Al- Qur'ân & Modern Science
Barrier Between Two Seas
Scientific investigation:
Oceanographers, in the wake of the scientific progress in this age, have discovered the barrier between two seas. They have found that a barrier separates two neighboring seas. The barrier moves between them, and it is called by scientists “a front” compared to the front between two armies. By virtue of this barrier each sea retains its own characteristics, which Allah (SWT) has assigned to it and which are suitable for the organisms living in that environment.
Because of this barrier, the two neighboring seas mingle so slowly that the amount of water that passes from one sea to the other acquires the characteristics of the other sea while crossing the barrier which overturns the waters crossing from one sea to the other, keeping each sea with its own characteristics
The gradual progress of human knowledge about the fact of the differences between seawater masses and the existence of barriers between them:
Oceanographers discovered that there were certain differences between water samples taken from various seas in 1284 AH/1873 AD, by the British Marine Scientific Expedition of the Challenger Voyage. It was discovered that masses of seawater vary in their composition, in respect of salinity, water temperature, density and types of marine organisms. The data were obtained from 362 oceanographic stations. The report of the expedition filled 29,500 pages in 50 volumes and took 23 years to complete. One of the great achievements of scientific exploration, the expedition also showed how little man knew about the sea.
After 1933 AD another American expedition set out in the Mexican Gulf and installed hundreds of sea stations to study the characteristics of seas. It found out that a large number of stations in a certain area gave similar information about the characteristics of the water in that area, whether in respect of salinity, density, temperature, marine organisms or solubility of oxygen in water, while another group of stations in another area gave a different set of data about that area. So, oceanographers concluded that there were two distinctive seas with different characteristics, and not just limited samples as the Expedition of Challenger showed.
Man installed hundreds of marine stations to study the characteristics of various seas. Scientists have found out that the differences in these characteristics distinguished one sea from another. But why do these seas not mix and become homogeneous in spite of the effect of tide and ebb that moves sea water twice a day, and causes seas to move forward and backward turbulently, besides other factors that cause sea water to be in continuous movement and turbulence, such as surface and internal waves and sea currents?
The answer appeared for the first time in scientific books in 1361 AH/1942 AD. Extensive studies of marine characteristics revealed that there are water barriers separating neighboring seas and maintaining the distinctive properties of each sea with respect to density, salinity, marine life, temperature and solubility of oxygen in water.
After 1962 AD there was known the role of sea barriers in modifying the properties of the water masses that pass from one sea to another, to prevent one sea from overwhelming the other. So salty seas retain their own properties and boundaries by virtue of these barriers.
The following figure shows the boundaries of the Mediterranean warm salt waters on entering the Atlantic Sea, the waters of which are cold and less salty.
Oceanographers, in the wake of the scientific progress in this age, have discovered the barrier between two seas. They have found that a barrier separates two neighboring seas. The barrier moves between them, and it is called by scientists “a front” compared to the front between two armies. By virtue of this barrier each sea retains its own characteristics, which Allah (SWT) has assigned to it and which are suitable for the organisms living in that environment.
Because of this barrier, the two neighboring seas mingle so slowly that the amount of water that passes from one sea to the other acquires the characteristics of the other sea while crossing the barrier which overturns the waters crossing from one sea to the other, keeping each sea with its own characteristics
The gradual progress of human knowledge about the fact of the differences between seawater masses and the existence of barriers between them:
Oceanographers discovered that there were certain differences between water samples taken from various seas in 1284 AH/1873 AD, by the British Marine Scientific Expedition of the Challenger Voyage. It was discovered that masses of seawater vary in their composition, in respect of salinity, water temperature, density and types of marine organisms. The data were obtained from 362 oceanographic stations. The report of the expedition filled 29,500 pages in 50 volumes and took 23 years to complete. One of the great achievements of scientific exploration, the expedition also showed how little man knew about the sea.
After 1933 AD another American expedition set out in the Mexican Gulf and installed hundreds of sea stations to study the characteristics of seas. It found out that a large number of stations in a certain area gave similar information about the characteristics of the water in that area, whether in respect of salinity, density, temperature, marine organisms or solubility of oxygen in water, while another group of stations in another area gave a different set of data about that area. So, oceanographers concluded that there were two distinctive seas with different characteristics, and not just limited samples as the Expedition of Challenger showed.
Man installed hundreds of marine stations to study the characteristics of various seas. Scientists have found out that the differences in these characteristics distinguished one sea from another. But why do these seas not mix and become homogeneous in spite of the effect of tide and ebb that moves sea water twice a day, and causes seas to move forward and backward turbulently, besides other factors that cause sea water to be in continuous movement and turbulence, such as surface and internal waves and sea currents?
The answer appeared for the first time in scientific books in 1361 AH/1942 AD. Extensive studies of marine characteristics revealed that there are water barriers separating neighboring seas and maintaining the distinctive properties of each sea with respect to density, salinity, marine life, temperature and solubility of oxygen in water.
After 1962 AD there was known the role of sea barriers in modifying the properties of the water masses that pass from one sea to another, to prevent one sea from overwhelming the other. So salty seas retain their own properties and boundaries by virtue of these barriers.
The following figure shows the boundaries of the Mediterranean warm salt waters on entering the Atlantic Sea, the waters of which are cold and less salty.
The Mediterranean Sea water as it enters the Atlantic over the Gibraltar still with its own warm, saline, and less dense characteristics, because of the barrier that distinguishes between them. Temperatures are in degrees Celsius (Co). (Marine Geology, Kuenen, p. 43, with a slight enhancement.)
Satellite photo of barrier between Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean
Finally man managed to photograph these wavy moving barriers between salt seas through a special technology of thermal photography by satellites, which shows that seawaters, though appearing as one mass, are in reality different masses as reflected by different colors according to thermal differences.
Satellite photo of barrier between Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean
Finally man managed to photograph these wavy moving barriers between salt seas through a special technology of thermal photography by satellites, which shows that seawaters, though appearing as one mass, are in reality different masses as reflected by different colors according to thermal differences.
A field study comparing the waters of Oman Gulf and those of the Arabian Gulf has shown the difference between them regarding their chemical properties, the prevalent vegetation and the barrier separating them.
About a hundred years of research and study has been required to discover the fact of the existence of barriers between seawater masses and their role in making each sea retain its own properties. Hundred of researchers took part and numerous precise scientific instruments and equipment were used to achieve that.
Quran Mentioned this scientific fact
Fourteen centuries ago the Holy Qur’an revealed this fact. Allah (SWT) says:
“He has let free (MARAJA) the two sees meeting together. Between them is a barrier that they do not transgress. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (Jinn and men) deny? Out of them both come out pearls and carol.” (Quran 55:19-22)
Allah (SWT) also says: “And He made a barrier between the two seas.”
Linguistic meanings and the commentators’ sayings:
Maraja (let free):
Ibn Faris said: “’maraja’: The consonants m, r and j form a root indicating a movement of going and coming and turbulence.”
Al-Bahrain (the two seas):
Al-Asfahani said: “Some say that the word “bahr” (sea) is usually used to mean salt water rather than fresh water.” Ibn Manzursaid: “’Bahr’ is more frequently used to describe salt water than fresh water.”
If the word “bahr” is used without qualification it means salt water; otherwise, it means the thing qualified.” The Holy Qur’an uses “nahr” (river) to indicate abundant running fresh water, while it uses “bahr” (sea) to indicate salt water. Allah (SWT) says:
“And He has made the ships to be of service to you that they may sail through the sea by His Command; and He has made rivers (also) to be of service to you.” (Quran 16:32)
In the hadith, “bahr” (sea) is also used to mean salt water. Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon him) was asked by a man who said: “O Allah’s Messenger! We travel by sea and carry with us a little fresh water. If we should use it for wudu’ (ablution) we would get thirsty. May we use seawater for wudu’? Allah’ Messenger (Peace be upon him) said:
“Its water is pure and its dead (animals) are lawful (to eat).”
Al-Barzakh: It is the barrier. Most commentators suggest that it is invisible.
Al-baghi: Ibn Manzur said: “’Al-Baghi’ means transgression, exceeding the limits.” Al-Jawhari and al-Asfahanisaid the same.
Who knew in the past that salt seas differ in many respects in spite of their apparent similarity to the observer? (They all taste salt, look blue, have waves, contain fish, etc.) How can they differ although they meet each other? We know that when two amounts of water are mixed in a container they get homogenous. How can seas remain differentiated even in the presence of the factors of mixing, such as the ebb and flow of the sea, currents and storms?
The Verse mentions the meeting of two salt seas that differ from one another. If the two seas were similar to one another, they would be one sea. However, differentiating between them in the Qur’anic utterance implies the difference between them although they are both salt.
“He has let free (Maraja) the two seas meeting together” means that the two seas are mixed; they are in the state of backward and forward movements, of mixing and turbulence at the site of the meeting, as is understood from the literal meaning of “Maraja”. This is the fact that science has discovered, that is to say, the barrier is described as being zigzag or wavy and shifting in position during the various seasons because of the tide and winds.
This Verse by itself implies the presence of so much mixing and merging between these seas as would deprive them of their distinctive properties. But Allah (SWT), the All-Knower, shows in the following Verse that “between them is a barrier which they do not transgress”, i.e. In spite of this state of merging and turbulence that characterizes the seas there is a barrier between them preventing them from transgressing or exceeding their limits.
This is what man has discovered as a result of the advances achieved in his sciences and instruments. It has been found that a third water mass separates the two seas and it has such properties as are different from those of each of the two seas separated by it.
Yet, in spite of the presence of the barrier, the waters of the two adjacent seas mix very slowly without one sea encroaching upon the other through carrying over its own properties to it, for the barrier zone is a region for changing the water crossing from one sea to the other so that it gradually acquires the properties of the sea that is going to enter and loses the properties of the sea it has come form. Thus neither of the two seas transgresses by carrying its own properties to the other, although they mix during the process of meeting. How truthful is Allah’s Saying: “He has let free (maraja) the two seas meeting together. Between them is a barrier which they do not transgress.”
Satellite photo of the strait of Gibraltar
The Miraculous Aspects of the Previous Verses:
We can conclude the following from the discussion above:
1. The Holy Qur’an, which was revealed more than 14 centuries ago, includes very precise pieces of information and knowledge about marine phenomena that have been discovered only recently by means of very sophisticated equipment. An instance in this respect is the existence of water barriers between seas. Allah (SWT) says: “He has let free (maraja) the two seas meeting together. Between them is a barrier which they do not transgress.”
2. The historical development of Oceanography shows that no precise information had been available on seas before Challenger Expedition (in 1873 AD), let alone at the time when the Holy Qur’an was being revealed 14 centuries ago to an illiterate Prophet who lived in a desert environment and never traveled by sea.
3. Oceanography has witnessed no advances except in the last two centuries, particularly in the latter half of the twentieth century. Prior to that a sea was considered as something fearful and mysterious. Myths and superstitions were fabricated about it. Sea voyagers were only interested in their own safety and how to find the correct routes during their long journeys. Man discovered that salt seas are different only in the thirties of the twentieth century, after thousands of marine stations had been established by researchers to analyze samples of sea water to measure the differences between the degrees of temperature, salinity, density and oxygen dissolubility in the sea water recorded at all those stations, and then realize that salt seas are different.
4. Man did not know anything about the barrier that separates salt seas till the establishment of the aforesaid stations, and after spending a long time tracing these wavy moving barriers that change their geographical locations with the change of seasons.
5. Man did not know that the water masses of the two seas are separated by a water barrier and are mixed at the same time till he started studying with his ships and equipment the water movement in the meeting region of the seas and analyzing the water masses in those regions.
6. Man did not apply this rule to all seas that meet together except after vast scientific surveying, investigation and verification of this phenomenon, which occurs between each pair of adjacent seas in the world.
Now then, did Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon him) own stations and equipment for analyzing water and the ability to trace the movement of various water masses? Did he carry out a comprehensive surveying process, although he never sailed the sea and lived at a time when superstitions were prevalent, particularly in the field of seas? Were, at the time of Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon him). Such researches, instruments and studies available as they are for the oceanographers of today that have discovered all these secrets by means of research and study?
This knowledge, which the Qur’an came with, included a precise description of the subtlest secrets at a time when humanity could never have known them, which indicates that its source is Divine, as Allah (SWT) says:
“Say: ‘the (Qur’an) was sent down by Him Who knows the secret (that is) in the heavens and the earth: Verily He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Quran 25:6)
It also indicates that the one to whom the Book was sent down was a Messenger inspired. Allah (SWT) but says the Truth in the Verse:” Soon will We show Our Signs in the Universe and in their own selves, until it becomes manifest to them that this is the Truth. Is it not sufficient that your Lord does witness all things?” (Quran 61:53)
Quran Mentioned this scientific fact
Fourteen centuries ago the Holy Qur’an revealed this fact. Allah (SWT) says:
“He has let free (MARAJA) the two sees meeting together. Between them is a barrier that they do not transgress. Then which of the Blessings of your Lord will you both (Jinn and men) deny? Out of them both come out pearls and carol.” (Quran 55:19-22)
Allah (SWT) also says: “And He made a barrier between the two seas.”
Linguistic meanings and the commentators’ sayings:
Maraja (let free):
Ibn Faris said: “’maraja’: The consonants m, r and j form a root indicating a movement of going and coming and turbulence.”
Al-Bahrain (the two seas):
Al-Asfahani said: “Some say that the word “bahr” (sea) is usually used to mean salt water rather than fresh water.” Ibn Manzursaid: “’Bahr’ is more frequently used to describe salt water than fresh water.”
If the word “bahr” is used without qualification it means salt water; otherwise, it means the thing qualified.” The Holy Qur’an uses “nahr” (river) to indicate abundant running fresh water, while it uses “bahr” (sea) to indicate salt water. Allah (SWT) says:
“And He has made the ships to be of service to you that they may sail through the sea by His Command; and He has made rivers (also) to be of service to you.” (Quran 16:32)
In the hadith, “bahr” (sea) is also used to mean salt water. Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon him) was asked by a man who said: “O Allah’s Messenger! We travel by sea and carry with us a little fresh water. If we should use it for wudu’ (ablution) we would get thirsty. May we use seawater for wudu’? Allah’ Messenger (Peace be upon him) said:
“Its water is pure and its dead (animals) are lawful (to eat).”
Al-Barzakh: It is the barrier. Most commentators suggest that it is invisible.
Al-baghi: Ibn Manzur said: “’Al-Baghi’ means transgression, exceeding the limits.” Al-Jawhari and al-Asfahanisaid the same.
Who knew in the past that salt seas differ in many respects in spite of their apparent similarity to the observer? (They all taste salt, look blue, have waves, contain fish, etc.) How can they differ although they meet each other? We know that when two amounts of water are mixed in a container they get homogenous. How can seas remain differentiated even in the presence of the factors of mixing, such as the ebb and flow of the sea, currents and storms?
The Verse mentions the meeting of two salt seas that differ from one another. If the two seas were similar to one another, they would be one sea. However, differentiating between them in the Qur’anic utterance implies the difference between them although they are both salt.
“He has let free (Maraja) the two seas meeting together” means that the two seas are mixed; they are in the state of backward and forward movements, of mixing and turbulence at the site of the meeting, as is understood from the literal meaning of “Maraja”. This is the fact that science has discovered, that is to say, the barrier is described as being zigzag or wavy and shifting in position during the various seasons because of the tide and winds.
This Verse by itself implies the presence of so much mixing and merging between these seas as would deprive them of their distinctive properties. But Allah (SWT), the All-Knower, shows in the following Verse that “between them is a barrier which they do not transgress”, i.e. In spite of this state of merging and turbulence that characterizes the seas there is a barrier between them preventing them from transgressing or exceeding their limits.
This is what man has discovered as a result of the advances achieved in his sciences and instruments. It has been found that a third water mass separates the two seas and it has such properties as are different from those of each of the two seas separated by it.
Yet, in spite of the presence of the barrier, the waters of the two adjacent seas mix very slowly without one sea encroaching upon the other through carrying over its own properties to it, for the barrier zone is a region for changing the water crossing from one sea to the other so that it gradually acquires the properties of the sea that is going to enter and loses the properties of the sea it has come form. Thus neither of the two seas transgresses by carrying its own properties to the other, although they mix during the process of meeting. How truthful is Allah’s Saying: “He has let free (maraja) the two seas meeting together. Between them is a barrier which they do not transgress.”
Satellite photo of the strait of Gibraltar
The Miraculous Aspects of the Previous Verses:
We can conclude the following from the discussion above:
1. The Holy Qur’an, which was revealed more than 14 centuries ago, includes very precise pieces of information and knowledge about marine phenomena that have been discovered only recently by means of very sophisticated equipment. An instance in this respect is the existence of water barriers between seas. Allah (SWT) says: “He has let free (maraja) the two seas meeting together. Between them is a barrier which they do not transgress.”
2. The historical development of Oceanography shows that no precise information had been available on seas before Challenger Expedition (in 1873 AD), let alone at the time when the Holy Qur’an was being revealed 14 centuries ago to an illiterate Prophet who lived in a desert environment and never traveled by sea.
3. Oceanography has witnessed no advances except in the last two centuries, particularly in the latter half of the twentieth century. Prior to that a sea was considered as something fearful and mysterious. Myths and superstitions were fabricated about it. Sea voyagers were only interested in their own safety and how to find the correct routes during their long journeys. Man discovered that salt seas are different only in the thirties of the twentieth century, after thousands of marine stations had been established by researchers to analyze samples of sea water to measure the differences between the degrees of temperature, salinity, density and oxygen dissolubility in the sea water recorded at all those stations, and then realize that salt seas are different.
4. Man did not know anything about the barrier that separates salt seas till the establishment of the aforesaid stations, and after spending a long time tracing these wavy moving barriers that change their geographical locations with the change of seasons.
5. Man did not know that the water masses of the two seas are separated by a water barrier and are mixed at the same time till he started studying with his ships and equipment the water movement in the meeting region of the seas and analyzing the water masses in those regions.
6. Man did not apply this rule to all seas that meet together except after vast scientific surveying, investigation and verification of this phenomenon, which occurs between each pair of adjacent seas in the world.
Now then, did Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon him) own stations and equipment for analyzing water and the ability to trace the movement of various water masses? Did he carry out a comprehensive surveying process, although he never sailed the sea and lived at a time when superstitions were prevalent, particularly in the field of seas? Were, at the time of Allah’s Messenger (Peace be upon him). Such researches, instruments and studies available as they are for the oceanographers of today that have discovered all these secrets by means of research and study?
This knowledge, which the Qur’an came with, included a precise description of the subtlest secrets at a time when humanity could never have known them, which indicates that its source is Divine, as Allah (SWT) says:
“Say: ‘the (Qur’an) was sent down by Him Who knows the secret (that is) in the heavens and the earth: Verily He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (Quran 25:6)
It also indicates that the one to whom the Book was sent down was a Messenger inspired. Allah (SWT) but says the Truth in the Verse:” Soon will We show Our Signs in the Universe and in their own selves, until it becomes manifest to them that this is the Truth. Is it not sufficient that your Lord does witness all things?” (Quran 61:53)
after every prayer
Peace-Islam: A Solution For Humanity
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
as saying: If anyone extols Allah after every prayer
thirty−three times, and praises Allah thirty−three times, and
declares His Greatness thirty−three times, ninety−nine times
in all, and says to complete a hundred:" There is no god but
Allah, having no partner with Him, to Him belongs sovereignty
and to Him is praise due, and He is Potent over everything,"
his sins will be forgiven even If these are as abundant as the
foam of the sea.
[Sahi Muslims Bk 4, Number 1243]
as saying: If anyone extols Allah after every prayer
thirty−three times, and praises Allah thirty−three times, and
declares His Greatness thirty−three times, ninety−nine times
in all, and says to complete a hundred:" There is no god but
Allah, having no partner with Him, to Him belongs sovereignty
and to Him is praise due, and He is Potent over everything,"
his sins will be forgiven even If these are as abundant as the
foam of the sea.
[Sahi Muslims Bk 4, Number 1243]
Hazrat Abu Hurairah (RaziALLAHU Anhu) se riwayat hai ki RasulALLAH (Sal’lal’lahu Alaihe Wasallam) ne irshaad farmaya : Jo Shakhs har namaaz k baad “SUBHAN’ALLAH” 33 martaba. “ALHUMDULILLAH” 33 martaba, ALLAHU AKBAR 33 martaba parhe, Ye kul 99 martaba hua aur SO (100) ki ginti puri karte huye ek martaba “LA ILAHA IL LAL LAHU WAHDAHU LA SHARIKA LAHU LAHULMULKU WA LAHUL HUMDU WA HO WA ALA KULLE SHEYIN QADEER” parhe uske gunaah maaf ho jate hain, Agarche samandar k jhaag k barabar hon. {Muslim }
JE KUNA UKWELI GANI JUU YA HADITHI ISEMAYO
JE KUNA UKWELI GANI JUU YA HADITHI ISEMAYO MWENYE KUZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA INAADHINIWA BASI HATAWEZA KUTAMKA SHAHADA WAKATI WA KUTOLEWA ROHO.
______________________
______________________
KUNA MANENO HUEGEMEZWA KWA MTUME KUWA KASEMA :MWENYE KUZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA INAADHINIWA BASI HATAWEZA KUTAMKA SHAHADA WAKATI WA KUTOLEWA ROHO,
HAKIKA YA HADITHI HII HAINA UKWELI WOWOTE , WALA HAIJASWIHI KUEGEMEZWA KWA MTUME SWALALLA ALLAH ALAYHI WASALAM,
BALI NI MANENO YA UONGO YENYE KUZUSHIWA MTUME SWALALLA ALLAH ALAYHI WASALAM,
BALI MAZUNGUMZO WAKATI WA ADHANA INAADHINIWA AU KUZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA INAADHINIWA HILO NI JAMBO LENYE KUJUZU KISHERIA IKIWA KUNA HAJA YA KUZUNGUMZA,
BALI LILILOKUWA BORA NI KUNYAMAZA ILI KUPATA FURSA YA KUTEKELEZA SUNNA YA KURUDIA MANENO ANAYOYASEMA MUADHINI KAMA ALIVYOELEKEZA MTUME SWALALLA ALLAH ALAYHI WASALAM,
HII NDIO BORA KULIKO KUZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA, LAKINI SIO HARAM KUZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA,
WALA SIO KWELI KUWA UKIZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA INAADHINIWA BASI HUTAWEZA KUTAMKA SHAHADA WAKATI WA KUTOLEWA ROHO , HUU NI UONGO,
NA HAIFAI KUONDOA MUNKAR KWA KUTUMIA MUNKAR.
DALILI YA KUFAA KUZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA:
وقد روى مالك في الموطأ عن ابن شهاب عن ثعلبة بن أبي مالك القرظي:
انه أخبره :أنهم كانوا في زمان عمر بن الخطاب يصلون يوم الجمعة حتى يخرج عمر , فإذا خرج عمر وجلس على المنبر وأذن المؤذنون.قال ثعلبة : جلسنا نتحدث . فإذا سكت المؤذنون وقام عمر يخطب أنصتنا فلم يتكلم منا أحد . قال ابن شهاب : فخروج الإمام يقطع الكلام . ا
NA AMEPOKEA MAALIK KATIKA MUWATWA , KUTOKA KWA IBN SHIHAAB, KUTOKA KWA THAALABA BIN ABII MAALIK AL KURDHWIY:
KUWA ALIMPA HABARI: KWAMBA WAO WALIKUWA KATIKA WAKATI WA OMAR BIN AL KHATWAAB,
WALIKUWA WANASWALI SWALA YA IJUMAA,
MPAKA WAKATI ULE ANAPOTOKA OMAR KUPANDA KWENYE MIMBARI,
AKISHAPANDA OMAR KWENYE MIMBARI KISHA AKAKAA CHINI( ILI KUMPA FURSA MUADHINI AADHINI)
NA ANAADHINI MWENYE KUADHINI :
AKASEMA THAALABA:
AKASEMA THAALABA:
BASI KITAMBO KILE MUADHINI ANAADHINI BASI SISI TUKAKAA HUKU TUNAZUNGUMZA:
NA AKISHAMALIZA MWENYE KUTOA ADHANA, KISHA OMAR ANAPOANZA KUKHUTUBU BASI SISI TWANYAMAZA (TWAKATA MAZUNGUMZO) NA HAKUNA YOYOTE ANAEZUNGUMZA,
AKASEMA IBN SHIHAAB:
BASI KITENDO CHA KUTOKA (KUPANDA)IMAM KWENYE MIMBARI KINAKATA MAZUNGUMZO,
.
فهؤلاء هم الصحابة رضي الله عنهم والتابعون في خير القرون يتكلمون في أثناء الأذان بمشهد من الخليفة الراشد المهدي عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه. وهذا من الحجة الواضحة كل الوضوح على إباحة الكلام في أثناء الأذان,
HAO WALIKUWA NI MASWAHABA ALLAH AWARIDHIE PAMOJA NA MATABII KATIKA KARNE TUKUFU WALIKUWA WANAZUNGUMZA WAKATI KATIKATI YA ADHANA MBELE YA KHALIFA ALIYEONGOKA OMAR BIN AL KHATWAAB RADHI ZA ALLAH ZIWE JUU YAKE,
NA HII NDIO HOJA YA WAZI KUWA INAFAA KUZUNGUMZA WAKATI WA ADHANA INAADHINIWA,
INGAWA LILILOKUWA BORA NI KUNYAMAZA ILI KUPATA SUNNA YA KUMUITIKIA MUADHINI ANAPOADHINI,
ZIYADA YA HAYO REJEA KWENYE
MUWATWA YA IMAM MAALIK.
MUWATWA YA IMAM MAALIK.
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