Umar ibn Al-Khattab reported: One day while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah there appeared before us a man whose clothes were exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black; no signs of journeying were to be seen on him and none of us knew him. He walked up and sat down by the prophet. Resting his knees against his and placing the palms of his hands on his thighs, he said, “O Muhammad, tell me about Islam.” The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ وَتُؤَدِّيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَIslam is to worship Allah alone without associating anything with Him, to establish the prescribed prayer, to give obligatory charity, and to fast the month of Ramadan.
The man said: “You have spoken rightly,” and we were amazed at him asking him and saying that he had spoken rightly. Then he said: “Tell me about faith.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الْآخِرِFaith is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His meeting (on the Day of Judgment), His messengers, and to believe in the resurrection in the Hereafter.
The man said, “You have spoken rightly. Then tell me about excellence.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَExcellence is to worship Allah as if you see Him, for verily, He sees you.
The man said, “Then tell me about the Hour.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنْ السَّائِلِThe one who is asked does not know more than the one asking.
The man said, “Then tell me about its signs.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
إِذَا وَلَدَتْ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَتْ الْعُرَاةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا تَطَاوَلَ رِعَاءُ الْبَهْمِ فِي الْبُنْيَانِWhen the slave-girl gives birth to her master is among its signs; when the naked and barefooted will become chiefs of the people is among its signs; when the shepherds of black camels will exult themselves in constructing building is among its signs.
Then he left and I stayed for a time. Then the Prophet, peace be upon him, said:
يا عمر أتدري من السائل ؟O Umar, do you know who the questioner was?
I said, “Allah and His messenger know best.” He said:
فإنه جبريل ، أتاكم يعلمكم دينكمHe was Gabriel, who came to teach the people their religion.[Sahih Muslim, Book 1, Number 1]
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